cj11

Many/ap other/ap (/( probably/rb nearly/ql all/abn )/) snakes/nns at/in maturity/nn are/ber already/rb more/ap than/cs half/abn their/pp$ final/jj length/nn ./.
Laurence/np M./np Klauber/np put/vbd length/nn at/in maturity/nn at/in two/cd thirds/nns the/at ultimate/jj length/nn for/in some/dti rattlesnakes/nns ,/, and/cc Charles/np C./np Carpenter's/np$ data/nns on/in Michigan/np garter/nn and/cc ribbon/nn snakes/nns (/( Thamnophis/np )/) show/vb that/cs the/at smallest/jjt gravid/jj females/nns are/ber more/ap than/cs half/abn as/cs long/jj as/cs the/at biggest/jjt adults/nns ./.
Felix/np Kopstein/np states/vbz that/cs ``/`` when/wrb the/at snake/nn reaches/vbz its/pp$ maturity/nn it/pps has/hvz already/rb reached/vbn about/rb its/pp$ maximal/jj length/nn ''/'' ,/, but/cc goes/vbz on/rp to/to cite/vb the/at reticulate/jj python/nn as/cs an/at exception/nn ,/, with/in maximum/jj length/nn approximately/rb three/cd times/nns that/dt at/in maturity/nn ./.
It/pps is/bez hard/jj to/to understand/vb how/wrb he/pps concluded/vbd that/cs most/ap snakes/nns do/do not/* grow/vb appreciably/rb after/cs attaining/vbg maturity/nn ;/. ;/.
he/pps was/bedz working/vbg with/in species/nns of/in Java/np ,/, so/rb perhaps/rb some/dti tropical/jj snakes/nns are/ber unusual/jj in/in this/dt respect/nn ./.
Certain/ap individual/jj giants/nns recorded/vbn later/rbr did/dod fail/vb to/to show/vb a/at reasonable/jj difference/nn after/in maturity/nn ,/, but/cc it/pps is/bez impossible/jj to/to know/vb whether/cs this/dt is/bez due/jj to/in captive/jj conditions/nns ./.
Additional/jj records/nns of/in slow/jj growth/nn have/hv been/ben omitted/vbn ./.


	It/pps is/bez possible/jj to/to make/vb a/at few/ap generalizations/nns about/in the/at six/cd giants/nns themselves/ppls ./.
There/ex seems/vbz to/to be/be a/at rough/jj correlation/nn between/in the/at initial/jj and/cc ultimate/jj lengths/nns ,/, starting/vbg with/in the/at smallest/jjt (/( boa/nn constrictor/nn )/) and/cc ending/vbg with/in the/at largest/jjt (/( anaconda/nn )/) ./.
Data/nns on/in the/at former/ap are/ber scanty/jj ,/, but/cc there/ex can/md be/be little/ap doubt/nn that/cs the/at latter/ap is/bez sometimes/rb born/vbn at/in a/at length/nn greater/jjr than/cs that/dt of/in any/dti of/in the/at others/nns ,/, thereby/rb lending/vbg support/nn to/in the/at belief/nn that/cs the/at anaconda/nn does/doz ,/, indeed/rb ,/, attain/vb the/at greatest/jjt length/nn ./.
For/in four/cd of/in the/at six/cd (/( the/at anaconda/nn and/cc the/at amethystine/nn python/nn cannot/md* be/be included/vbn for/in lack/nn of/in data/nn )/) there/ex is/bez also/rb a/at correlation/nn between/in size/nn at/in maturity/nn and/cc maximum/jj length/nn ,/, the/at boa/nn constrictor/nn being/beg the/at smallest/jjt and/cc the/at Indian/jj python/nn the/at next/ap in/in size/nn at/in the/at former/ap stage/nn ./.


	Let/vb us/ppo speculate/vb a/at little/jj on/in the/at maximum/jj size/nn of/in the/at anaconda/nn ./.
If/cs ,/, in/in a/at certain/ap part/nn of/in the/at range/nn ,/, it/pps starts/vbz life/nn 1/cd foot/nn longer/jjr than/cs do/do any/dti of/in the/at other/ap (/( relatively/ql large/jj )/) giants/nns ,/, and/cc reaches/vbz maturity/nn at/in ,/, let/vb us/ppo guess/vb ,/, 18/cd inches/nns longer/jjr than/cs the/at others/nns ,/, a/at quadrupling/nn of/in the/at maturity/nn length/nn would/md result/vb in/in a/at maximum/jj of/in (/( nearly/rb )/) 40/cd feet/nns ./.


	When/wrb it/pps comes/vbz to/in rate/nn of/in early/jj growth/nn ,/, the/at Indian/jj python/nn leads/vbz with/in a/at figure/nn of/in about/rb 3/cd feet/nns 6/cd inches/nns per/in year/nn for/in the/at first/od two/cd years/nns ,/, more/ap or/cc less/ap ./.
The/at African/jj rock/nn python/nn ,/, a/at close/jj second/od ,/, is/bez followed/vbn in/in turn/nn by/in the/at reticulate/jj python/nn ./.
There/ex are/ber few/ap data/nns on/in the/at boa/nn constrictor/nn ,/, those/dts for/in the/at anaconda/nn are/ber unconvincing/jj ,/, and/cc there/ex is/bez nothing/pn at/in all/abn on/in the/at amethystine/nn python/nn ./.
It/pps seems/vbz likely/jj that/cs the/at Indian/jj python/nn comes/vbz out/rp ahead/rb because/cs records/nns of/in its/pp$ growth/nn have/hv been/ben made/vbn more/ql carefully/rb and/cc frequently/rb ;/. ;/.
it/pps responds/vbz exceptionally/ql well/rb to/in captivity/nn and/cc does/doz not/* reach/vb proportions/nns that/wps make/vb it/ppo hard/jj to/to keep/vb ./.


	I/ppss cannot/md* make/vb sense/nn out/rp of/in the/at figures/nns for/in post/in maturity/nn growth/nn ;/. ;/.
at/in best/jjt the/at annual/jj increase/nn appears/vbz to/to be/be a/at matter/nn of/in inches/nns rather/rb than/in feet/nns ./.
Until/cs better/jjr records/nns have/hv been/ben kept/vbn over/in longer/jjr periods/nns of/in time/nn and/cc much/ql more/ap is/bez known/vbn about/in the/at maximum/jj dimensions/nns ,/, it/pps will/md be/be wise/jj to/to refrain/vb from/in drawing/vbg conclusions/nns ./.


	It/pps is/bez often/rb stated/vbn that/cs the/at largest/jjt snakes/nns require/vb five/cd years/nns to/to attain/vb maturity/nn ,/, but/cc this/dt apparently/rb is/bez an/at overestimation/nn ./.
The/at best/jjt way/nn to/to determine/vb the/at correct/jj figure/nn (/( in/in captives/nns )/) is/bez by/in direct/jj observation/nn of/in pairs/nns isolated/vbn from/in birth/nn ,/, a/at method/nn that/wps produced/vbd surprising/vbg results/nns :/: maturing/vbg of/in a/at male/jj Indian/jj python/nn in/in less/ap than/in two/cd years/nns ,/, his/pp$ mate/nn in/in less/ap than/in three/cd ;/. ;/.
data/nns on/in the/at boa/nn constrictor/nn about/rb match/vb this/dt ./.


	Another/dt approach/nn is/bez to/to estimate/vb from/in the/at rate/nn of/in growth/nn and/cc the/at smallest/jjt size/nn at/in maturity/nn ./.
Results/nns from/in this/dt approach/nn amply/rb confirm/vb the/at direct/jj observations/nns :/: about/rb three/cd years/nns are/ber required/vbn ,/, there/ex being/beg a/at possible/jj slight/jj difference/nn between/in males/nns and/cc females/nns in/in the/at time/nn required/vbn ./.
Only/rb the/at amethystine/nn python/nn and/cc the/at anaconda/nn must/md be/be excluded/vbn for/in lack/nn or/cc paucity/nn of/in data/nn ./.


	The/at following/vbg information/nn on/in snakes/nns varying/vbg greatly/rb in/in size/nn (/( but/cc all/abn with/in less/ap than/in a/at 10-foot/jj maximum/nn )/) shows/vbz ,/, when/wrb considered/vbn with/in the/at foregoing/nn ,/, that/cs there/ex is/bez probably/rb no/at correlation/nn between/in the/at length/nn of/in a/at snake/nn and/cc the/at time/nn required/vbn for/in it/ppo to/to mature/vb ./.
Oliver/np ,/, in/in his/pp$ summary/nn of/in the/at habits/nns of/in the/at snakes/nns of/in the/at United/vbn-tl States/nns-tl ,/, could/md supply/vb data/nn on/in the/at maturing/vbg period/nn for/in only/rb three/cd species/nns in/in addition/nn to/in the/at rattlers/nns ,/, which/wdt I/ppss shall/md consider/vb separately/rb ./.
These/dts three/cd were/bed much/ql alike/jj :/: lined/vbn snake/nn (/( Tropidoclonion/nn )/) ,/, one/cd year/nn and/cc nine/cd months/nns ;/. ;/.
red-bellied/jj snake/nn (/( Storeria/np )/) ,/, two/cd years/nns ;/. ;/.
cottonmouth/nn (/( Ancistrodon/np )/) ,/, two/cd years/nns ./.
Klauber/np investigated/vbd the/at rattlesnakes/nns carefully/rb himself/ppl and/cc also/rb summarized/vbd what/wdt others/nns have/hv found/vbn ./.
He/pps concluded/vbd that/cs in/in the/at southern/jj species/nns ,/, which/wdt are/ber rapidly/rb growing/vbg types/nns ,/, females/nns mate/vb at/in the/at age/nn of/in two/cd and/cc a/at half/abn and/cc bear/vb the/at first/od young/jj when/wrb they/ppss are/ber three/cd ./.
Other/ap herpetologists/nns have/hv ascertained/vbn that/cs in/in the/at northern/jj United/vbn-tl States/nns-tl the/at prairie/nn rattlesnake/nn may/md not/* give/vb first/od birth/nn until/cs it/pps is/bez four/cd or/cc even/rb five/cd years/nns old/jj ,/, and/cc that/cs the/at young/jj may/md be/be born/vbn every/at other/ap year/nn ,/, rather/rb than/in annually/rb ./.
Carpenter's/np$ study/nn showed/vbd that/cs female/jj common/jj garter/nn and/cc ribbon/nn snakes/nns of/in Michigan/np mature/vb at/in about/rb the/at age/nn of/in two/cd ./.



Maximum/jj-hl length/nn-hl 
Oversized/jj monsters/nns are/ber never/rb brought/vbn home/nr either/cc alive/jj or/cc preserved/vbn ,/, and/cc field/nn measurements/nns are/ber obviously/rb open/jj to/in doubt/nn because/rb of/in the/at universal/jj tendency/nn to/to exaggerate/vb dimensions/nns ./.
Measurements/nns of/in skins/nns are/ber of/in little/ap value/nn ;/. ;/.
every/at snake/nn hide/nn is/bez noticeably/rb longer/jjr than/cs its/pp$ carcass/nn and/cc intentional/jj stretching/nn presents/vbz no/at difficulty/nn to/in the/at unscrupulous/jj explorer/nn ./.


	In/in spite/nn of/in all/abn the/at pitfalls/nns ,/, there/ex is/bez a/at certain/ap amount/nn of/in agreement/nn on/in some/dti of/in the/at giants/nns ./.
The/at anaconda/nn proves/vbz to/to be/be the/at fly/nn in/in the/at ointment/nn ,/, but/cc the/at reason/nn for/in this/dt is/bez not/* clear/jj ;/. ;/.
the/at relatively/ql wild/jj conditions/nns still/rb found/vbn in/in tropical/jj South/jj-tl America/np-tl might/md be/be responsible/jj ./.


	There/ex are/ber three/cd levels/nns on/in which/wdt to/to treat/vb the/at subject/nn ./.
The/at first/od is/bez the/at strictly/ql scientific/jj ,/, which/wdt demands/vbz concrete/jj proof/nn and/cc therefore/rb may/md err/vb on/in the/at conservative/jj side/nn by/in waiting/vbg for/in evidence/nn in/in the/at flesh/nn ./.
This/dt approach/nn rejects/vbz virtually/rb all/abn field/nn measurements/nns ./.
The/at next/ap level/nn attempts/vbz to/to weigh/vb varied/vbn evidence/nn and/cc come/vb to/in a/at balanced/vbn ,/, sensible/jj conclusion/nn ;/. ;/.
field/nn measurements/nns by/in experienced/vbn explorers/nns are/ber not/* rejected/vbn ,/, and/cc even/rb reports/nns of/in a/at less/ql scientific/jj nature/nn are/ber duly/rb evaluated/vbn ./.
The/at third/od level/nn leans/vbz on/in a/at belief/nn that/cs a/at lot/nn of/in smoke/nn means/vbz some/dti fire/nn ./.
The/at argument/nn against/in this/dt last/ap approach/nn is/bez comparable/jj to/in that/dt which/wdt rejects/vbz stories/nns about/in hoop/nn snakes/nns ,/, about/in snakes/nns that/wps break/vb themselves/ppls into/in many/ap pieces/nns and/cc join/vb up/rp again/rb ,/, or/cc even/rb of/in ghosts/nns that/wps chase/vb people/nns out/rp of/in graveyards/nns ;/. ;/.
the/at mere/jj piling/vbg up/rp of/in testimony/nn does/doz not/* prove/vb ,/, to/in the/at scientific/jj mind/nn ,/, the/at existence/nn of/in hoop/nn snakes/nns ,/, joint/nn snakes/nns ,/, or/cc ghosts/nns ./.


	Oliver/np has/hvz recently/rb used/vbn the/at second-level/nn approach/nn with/in the/at largest/jjt snakes/nns ,/, and/cc has/hvz come/vbn to/in these/dts conclusions/nns :/: the/at anaconda/nn reaches/vbz a/at length/nn of/in at/in least/ap 37/cd feet/nns ,/, the/at reticulate/jj python/nn 33/cd ,/, the/at African/jj rock/nn python/nn 25/cd ,/, the/at amethystine/nn python/nn at/in least/ap 22/cd ,/, the/at Indian/jj python/nn 20/cd ,/, and/cc the/at boa/nn constrictor/nn 18-1/2/cd ./.


	Bernard/np Heuvelmans/np also/rb treats/vbz of/in the/at largest/jjt snakes/nns ,/, but/cc on/in the/at third/od level/nn ,/, and/cc is/bez chiefly/rb concerned/vbn with/in the/at anaconda/nn ./.
He/pps reasons/vbz that/cs as/cs anacondas/nns 30/cd feet/nns long/jj are/ber often/rb found/vbn ,/, some/dti might/md be/be 38/cd ,/, and/cc occasional/jj ``/`` monstrous/jj freaks/nns ''/'' over/in 50/cd ./.
He/pps rejects/vbz dimensions/nns of/in 70/cd feet/nns and/cc more/ap ./.
His/pp$ thirteenth/od chapter/nn includes/vbz many/ap exciting/jj accounts/nns of/in huge/jj serpents/nns with/in prodigious/jj strength/nn ,/, but/cc these/dts seem/vb to/to be/be given/vbn to/to complete/vb his/pp$ picture/nn ,/, not/* to/to be/be believed/vbn ./.


	Detailed/vbn information/nn on/in record/nn lengths/nns of/in the/at giants/nns is/bez given/vbn in/in the/at section/nn that/wps follows/vbz ./.



Growth/nn-hl of/in-hl the/at-hl six/cd-hl giants/nns-hl 
Discussions/nns of/in the/at giants/nns one/cd by/in one/cd will/md include/vb ,/, as/ql far/rb as/cs possible/jj ,/, data/nns on/in these/dts aspects/nns of/in growth/nn :/: size/nn at/in which/wdt life/nn is/bez started/vbn and/cc at/in which/wdt sexual/jj maturity/nn is/bez reached/vbn ;/. ;/.
time/nn required/vbn to/to reach/vb maturity/nn ;/. ;/.
rate/nn of/in growth/nn both/abx before/in and/cc after/in this/dt crucial/jj stage/nn ;/. ;/.
and/cc maximum/jj length/nn ,/, with/in confirmation/nn or/cc amplification/nn of/in Oliver's/np$ figures/nns ./.
Definite/jj information/nn on/in the/at growth/nn of/in senile/jj individuals/nns is/bez lacking/vbg ./.
Anaconda/nn-hl :/:-hl 
At/in birth/nn ,/, this/dt species/nn varies/vbz considerably/rb in/in size/nn ./.
A/at brood/nn of/in twenty-eight/cd born/vbn at/in Brookfield/np-tl Zoo/nn-tl ,/, near/in Chicago/np ,/, ranged/vbd in/in length/nn from/in 22/cd to/in 33-1/2/cd inches/nns and/cc averaged/vbd 29/cd inches/nns ./.
Lawrence/np E./np Griffin/np gives/vbz measurements/nns of/in nineteen/cd young/jj anacondas/nns ,/, presumably/rb members/nns of/in a/at brood/nn ,/, from/in ``/`` South/jj-tl America/np-tl ''/'' ;/. ;/.
the/at extreme/jj measurements/nns of/in these/dts fall/vb between/in the/at lower/jjr limit/nn of/in the/at Brookfield/np brood/nn and/cc its/pp$ average/nn ./.
Raymond/np L./np Ditmars/np had/hvd two/cd broods/nns that/wps averaged/vbd 27/cd inches/nns ./.
R./np R./np Mole/np and/cc F./np W./np Urich/np give/vb approximately/rb 20/cd inches/nns as/cs the/at average/jj length/nn of/in a/at brood/nn of/in thirty/cd from/in the/at region/nn of/in the/at Orinoco/np estuaries/nns ./.
William/np Beebe/np reports/vbz 26/cd inches/nns and/cc 2.4/cd ounces/nns (/( this/dt snake/nn must/md have/hv been/ben emaciated/jj )/) for/in the/at length/nn and/cc the/at weight/nn of/in a/at young/jj anaconda/nn from/in British/jj-tl Guiana/np-tl ./.
In/in contrast/nn ,/, Ditmars/np recorded/vbd the/at average/jj length/nn of/in seventy-two/cd young/jj of/in a/at 19-foot/jj female/nn as/cs 38/cd inches/nns ,/, and/cc four/cd young/jj were/bed born/vbn in/in London/np at/in a/at length/nn of/in 35/cd or/cc 36/cd inches/nns and/cc a/at weight/nn of/in from/in 14/cd to/in 16/cd ounces/nns ./.
Beebe/np had/hvd a/at 3-foot/jj anaconda/nn that/wps weighed/vbd only/rb 9.8/cd ounces/nns ./.
A/at difference/nn between/in subspecies/nns might/md explain/vb the/at great/jj range/nn in/in size/nn ./.


	I/ppss have/hv little/ap information/nn on/in the/at anaconda's/nn$ rate/nn of/in growth/nn ./.
Hans/np Schweizer/np had/hvd one/cd that/wps increased/vbd from/in 19-1/2/cd inches/nns to/in 5/cd feet/nns 3/cd inches/nns in/in five/cd years/nns ,/, and/cc J./np J./np Quelch/np records/vbz a/at growth/nn of/in from/in less/ap than/in 4/cd feet/nns to/in nearly/rb 10/cd in/in about/rb six/cd years/nns ./.
It/pps is/bez very/ql unlikely/jj that/cs either/dtx of/in these/dts anacondas/nns was/bedz growing/vbg at/in a/at normal/jj rate/nn ./.


	In/in 1948/cd ,/, Afranio/np Do/np Amaral/np ,/, the/at noted/vbn Brazilian/jj herpetologist/nn ,/, wrote/vbd a/at technical/jj paper/nn on/in the/at giant/jj snakes/nns ./.
He/pps concluded/vbd that/cs the/at anaconda's/nn$ maximum/jj length/nn is/bez 12/cd or/cc 13/cd (/( perhaps/rb 14/cd )/) meters/nns ,/, which/wdt would/md approximate/vb from/in 39/cd to/in 42/cd feet/nns (/( 14/cd meters/nns is/bez slightly/rb less/ap than/in 46/cd feet/nns )/) ./.
Thus/rb ,/, his/pp$ estimate/nn lies/vbz between/in Oliver's/np$ suggestion/nn of/in at/in least/ap 37/cd feet/nns and/cc the/at 50-foot/jj ``/`` monstrous/jj freaks/nns ''/'' intimated/vbn by/in Heuvelmans/np ./.


	The/at most/ql convincing/jj recent/jj measurement/nn of/in an/at anaconda/nn was/bedz made/vbn in/in eastern/jj Colombia/np by/in Roberto/np Lamon/np ,/, a/at petroleum/nn geologist/nn of/in the/at Richmond/np-tl Oil/nn-tl Company/nn-tl ,/, and/cc reported/vbn in/in 1944/cd by/in Emmett/np R./np Dunn/np ./.
However/rb ,/, as/cs a/at field/nn measurement/nn ,/, it/pps is/bez open/jj to/in question/nn ./.
Oliver's/np$ 37-1/2/cd feet/nns is/bez partly/rb based/vbn on/in this/dt report/nn and/cc can/md be/be accepted/vbn as/cs probable/jj ./.
However/rb ,/, many/ap herpetologists/nns remain/vb skeptical/jj and/cc would/md prefer/vb a/at tentative/jj maximum/nn of/in about/rb 30/cd feet/nns ./.


	It/pps is/bez possible/jj that/cs especially/ql large/jj anacondas/nns will/md prove/vb to/to belong/vb to/in subspecies/nns limited/vbn to/in a/at small/jj area/nn ./.
In/in snakes/nns difference/nn in/in size/nn is/bez a/at common/jj characteristic/nn of/in subspecies/nns ./.
Boa/nn-hl constrictor/nn-hl :/:-hl 
A/at Colombian/jj female's/nn$ brood/nn of/in sixteen/cd boa/nn constrictors/nns born/vbn in/in the/at Staten/np-tl Island/nn-tl Zoo/nn-tl averaged/vbd 20/cd inches/nns ./.
This/dt birth/nn length/nn seems/vbz to/to be/be typical/jj ./.
When/wrb some/rb thirteen/cd records/nns of/in newly/rb and/cc recently/rb born/vbn individuals/nns are/ber collated/vbn ,/, little/ap or/cc no/at correlation/nn between/in length/nn and/cc distribution/nn can/md be/be detected/vbn ./.
The/at range/nn is/bez from/in 14/cd to/in 25/cd inches/nns ;/. ;/.
the/at former/ap figure/nn is/bez based/vbn on/in a/at somewhat/ql unusual/jj birth/nn of/in four/cd by/in a/at Central/jj-tl American/jj-tl female/nn (/( see/vb chapter/nn on/in Laying/nn-tl ,/, Brooding/vbg-tl ,/, Hatching/vbg-tl ,/, and/cc Birth/nn-tl )/) ,/, the/at latter/ap on/in a/at ``/`` normal/jj ''/'' newly/rb born/vbn individual/nn ./.
However/rb ,/, as/cs so/ql many/ap of/in the/at records/nns are/ber not/* certainly/rb based/vbn on/in newborn/jj snakes/nns ,/, these/dts data/nns must/md be/be taken/vbn tentatively/rb ;/. ;/.
final/jj conclusions/nns will/md have/hv to/to await/vb the/at measurements/nns of/in broods/nns from/in definite/jj localities/nns ./.


	Alphonse/np R./np Hoge's/np$ measurements/nns of/in several/ap very/ql young/jj specimens/nns from/in Brazil/np suggest/vb that/cs at/in birth/nn the/at female/nn is/bez slightly/ql larger/jjr than/cs the/at male/nn ./.


	I/ppss have/hv surprisingly/rb little/ap information/nn on/in the/at size/nn and/cc age/nn at/in maturity/nn ./.
Carl/np Kauffeld/np has/hvz written/vbn to/in me/ppo of/in sexual/jj activity/nn in/in February/np 1943/cd of/in young/jj born/vbn in/in March/np 1940/cd ./.
One/cd female/nn ,/, collected/vbn on/in an/at island/nn off/in the/at coast/nn of/in Nicaragua/np ,/, was/bedz gravid/jj and/cc measured/vbd 4/cd feet/nns 8/cd inches/nns from/in snout/nn to/in vent/nn (/( her/pp$ tail/nn should/md be/be between/in 6/cd and/cc 7/cd inches/nns long/jj )/) ./.
The/at female/nn from/in Central/jj-tl America/np-tl which/wdt gave/vbd birth/nn to/in four/cd was/bedz only/rb 3/cd feet/nns 11/cd inches/nns long/jj ./.


	What/wdt data/nns there/ex are/ber on/in growth/nn indicate/vb considerable/jj variation/nn in/in rate/nn ;/. ;/.
unfortunately/rb ,/, no/at one/pn has/hvz kept/vbn complete/jj records/nns of/in one/cd individual/nn ,/, whereas/cs many/ap have/hv been/ben made/vbn for/in a/at very/ql short/jj period/nn of/in time/nn ./.
The/at results/nns are/ber too/ql varied/vbn to/to allow/vb generalization/nn ./.